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  1. 

  2. # socket.io

  3. 

  4. [![Backers on Open Collective](https://opencollective.com/socketio/backers/badge.svg)](#backers) [![Sponsors on Open Collective](https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsors/badge.svg)](#sponsors)
  5. [![Build Status](https://secure.travis-ci.org/socketio/socket.io.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/socketio/socket.io)
  6. [![Dependency Status](https://david-dm.org/socketio/socket.io.svg)](https://david-dm.org/socketio/socket.io)
  7. [![devDependency Status](https://david-dm.org/socketio/socket.io/dev-status.svg)](https://david-dm.org/socketio/socket.io#info=devDependencies)
  8. [![NPM version](https://badge.fury.io/js/socket.io.svg)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/socket.io)
  9. ![Downloads](https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/socket.io.svg?style=flat)
  10. [![](https://slackin-socketio.now.sh/badge.svg)](https://slackin-socketio.now.sh)
  11. 

  12. ## Features

  13. 

  14. Socket.IO enables real-time bidirectional event-based communication. It consists in:
  15. 

  16. - a Node.js server (this repository)
  17. - a [Javascript client library](https://github.com/socketio/socket.io-client) for the browser (or a Node.js client)
  18. 

  19. Some implementations in other languages are also available:
  20. 

  21. - [Java](https://github.com/socketio/socket.io-client-java)
  22. - [C++](https://github.com/socketio/socket.io-client-cpp)
  23. - [Swift](https://github.com/socketio/socket.io-client-swift)
  24. - [Dart](https://github.com/rikulo/socket.io-client-dart)
  25. 

  26. Its main features are:
  27. 

  28. #### Reliability

  29. 

  30. Connections are established even in the presence of:
  31.   - proxies and load balancers.
  32.   - personal firewall and antivirus software.
  33. 

  34. For this purpose, it relies on [Engine.IO](https://github.com/socketio/engine.io), which first establishes a long-polling connection, then tries to upgrade to better transports that are "tested" on the side, like WebSocket. Please see the [Goals](https://github.com/socketio/engine.io#goals) section for more information.
  35. 

  36. #### Auto-reconnection support

  37. 

  38. Unless instructed otherwise a disconnected client will try to reconnect forever, until the server is available again. Please see the available reconnection options [here](https://github.com/socketio/socket.io-client/blob/master/docs/API.md#new-managerurl-options).
  39. 

  40. #### Disconnection detection

  41. 

  42. A heartbeat mechanism is implemented at the Engine.IO level, allowing both the server and the client to know when the other one is not responding anymore.
  43. 

  44. That functionality is achieved with timers set on both the server and the client, with timeout values (the `pingInterval` and `pingTimeout` parameters) shared during the connection handshake. Those timers require any subsequent client calls to be directed to the same server, hence the `sticky-session` requirement when using multiples nodes.
  45. 

  46. #### Binary support

  47. 

  48. Any serializable data structures can be emitted, including:
  49. 

  50. - [ArrayBuffer](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/ArrayBuffer) and [Blob](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Blob) in the browser
  51. - [ArrayBuffer](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/ArrayBuffer) and [Buffer](https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html) in Node.js
  52. 

  53. #### Simple and convenient API

  54. 

  55. Sample code:
  56. 

  57. ```js
  58. io.on('connection', function(socket){
  59.   socket.emit('request', /* */); // emit an event to the socket
  60.   io.emit('broadcast', /* */); // emit an event to all connected sockets
  61.   socket.on('reply', function(){ /* */ }); // listen to the event
  62. });
  63. ```
  64. 

  65. #### Cross-browser

  66. 

  67. Browser support is tested in Saucelabs:
  68. 

  69. [![Sauce Test Status](https://saucelabs.com/browser-matrix/socket.svg)](https://saucelabs.com/u/socket)
  70. 

  71. #### Multiplexing support

  72. 

  73. In order to create separation of concerns within your application (for example per module, or based on permissions), Socket.IO allows you to create several `Namespaces`, which will act as separate communication channels but will share the same underlying connection.
  74. 

  75. #### Room support

  76. 

  77. Within each `Namespace`, you can define arbitrary channels, called `Rooms`, that sockets can join and leave. You can then broadcast to any given room, reaching every socket that has joined it.
  78. 

  79. This is a useful feature to send notifications to a group of users, or to a given user connected on several devices for example.
  80. 

  81. 

  82. **Note:** Socket.IO is not a WebSocket implementation. Although Socket.IO indeed uses WebSocket as a transport when possible, it adds some metadata to each packet: the packet type, the namespace and the ack id when a message acknowledgement is needed. That is why a WebSocket client will not be able to successfully connect to a Socket.IO server, and a Socket.IO client will not be able to connect to a WebSocket server (like `ws://echo.websocket.org`) either. Please see the protocol specification [here](https://github.com/socketio/socket.io-protocol).
  83. 

  84. ## Installation

  85. 

  86. ```bash
  87. npm install socket.io --save
  88. ```
  89. 

  90. ## How to use

  91. 

  92. The following example attaches socket.io to a plain Node.JS
  93. HTTP server listening on port `3000`.
  94. 

  95. ```js
  96. var server = require('http').createServer();
  97. var io = require('socket.io')(server);
  98. io.on('connection', function(client){
  99.   client.on('event', function(data){});
  100.   client.on('disconnect', function(){});
  101. });
  102. server.listen(3000);
  103. ```
  104. 

  105. ### Standalone

  106. 

  107. ```js
  108. var io = require('socket.io')();
  109. io.on('connection', function(client){});
  110. io.listen(3000);
  111. ```
  112. 

  113. ### In conjunction with Express

  114. 

  115. Starting with **3.0**, express applications have become request handler
  116. functions that you pass to `http` or `http` `Server` instances. You need
  117. to pass the `Server` to `socket.io`, and not the express application
  118. function. Also make sure to call `.listen` on the `server`, not the `app`.
  119. 

  120. ```js
  121. var app = require('express')();
  122. var server = require('http').createServer(app);
  123. var io = require('socket.io')(server);
  124. io.on('connection', function(){ /* … */ });
  125. server.listen(3000);
  126. ```
  127. 

  128. ### In conjunction with Koa

  129. 

  130. Like Express.JS, Koa works by exposing an application as a request
  131. handler function, but only by calling the `callback` method.
  132. 

  133. ```js
  134. var app = require('koa')();
  135. var server = require('http').createServer(app.callback());
  136. var io = require('socket.io')(server);
  137. io.on('connection', function(){ /* … */ });
  138. server.listen(3000);
  139. ```
  140. 

  141. ## Documentation

  142. 

  143. Please see the documentation [here](/docs/README.md). Contributions are welcome!
  144. 

  145. ## Debug / logging

  146. 

  147. Socket.IO is powered by [debug](https://github.com/visionmedia/debug).
  148. In order to see all the debug output, run your app with the environment variable
  149. `DEBUG` including the desired scope.
  150. 

  151. To see the output from all of Socket.IO's debugging scopes you can use:
  152. 

  153. ```
  154. DEBUG=socket.io* node myapp
  155. ```
  156. 

  157. ## Testing

  158. 

  159. ```
  160. npm test
  161. ```
  162. This runs the `gulp` task `test`. By default the test will be run with the source code in `lib` directory.
  163. 

  164. Set the environmental variable `TEST_VERSION` to `compat` to test the transpiled es5-compat version of the code.
  165. 

  166. The `gulp` task `test` will always transpile the source code into es5 and export to `dist` first before running the test.
  167. 

  168. 

  169. ## Backers

  170. 

  171. Support us with a monthly donation and help us continue our activities. [[Become a backer](https://opencollective.com/socketio#backer)]
  172. 

  173. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/0/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/0/avatar.svg"></a>
  174. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/1/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/1/avatar.svg"></a>
  175. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/2/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/2/avatar.svg"></a>
  176. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/3/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/3/avatar.svg"></a>
  177. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/4/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/4/avatar.svg"></a>
  178. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/5/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/5/avatar.svg"></a>
  179. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/6/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/6/avatar.svg"></a>
  180. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/7/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/7/avatar.svg"></a>
  181. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/8/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/8/avatar.svg"></a>
  182. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/9/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/9/avatar.svg"></a>
  183. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/10/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/10/avatar.svg"></a>
  184. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/11/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/11/avatar.svg"></a>
  185. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/12/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/12/avatar.svg"></a>
  186. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/13/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/13/avatar.svg"></a>
  187. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/14/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/14/avatar.svg"></a>
  188. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/15/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/15/avatar.svg"></a>
  189. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/16/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/16/avatar.svg"></a>
  190. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/17/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/17/avatar.svg"></a>
  191. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/18/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/18/avatar.svg"></a>
  192. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/19/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/19/avatar.svg"></a>
  193. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/20/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/20/avatar.svg"></a>
  194. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/21/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/21/avatar.svg"></a>
  195. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/22/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/22/avatar.svg"></a>
  196. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/23/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/23/avatar.svg"></a>
  197. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/24/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/24/avatar.svg"></a>
  198. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/25/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/25/avatar.svg"></a>
  199. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/26/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/26/avatar.svg"></a>
  200. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/27/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/27/avatar.svg"></a>
  201. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/28/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/28/avatar.svg"></a>
  202. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/29/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/backer/29/avatar.svg"></a>
  203. 

  204. 

  205. ## Sponsors

  206. 

  207. Become a sponsor and get your logo on our README on Github with a link to your site. [[Become a sponsor](https://opencollective.com/socketio#sponsor)]
  208. 

  209. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/0/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/0/avatar.svg"></a>
  210. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/1/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/1/avatar.svg"></a>
  211. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/2/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/2/avatar.svg"></a>
  212. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/3/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/3/avatar.svg"></a>
  213. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/4/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/4/avatar.svg"></a>
  214. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/5/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/5/avatar.svg"></a>
  215. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/6/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/6/avatar.svg"></a>
  216. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/7/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/7/avatar.svg"></a>
  217. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/8/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/8/avatar.svg"></a>
  218. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/9/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/9/avatar.svg"></a>
  219. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/10/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/10/avatar.svg"></a>
  220. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/11/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/11/avatar.svg"></a>
  221. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/12/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/12/avatar.svg"></a>
  222. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/13/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/13/avatar.svg"></a>
  223. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/14/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/14/avatar.svg"></a>
  224. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/15/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/15/avatar.svg"></a>
  225. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/16/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/16/avatar.svg"></a>
  226. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/17/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/17/avatar.svg"></a>
  227. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/18/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/18/avatar.svg"></a>
  228. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/19/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/19/avatar.svg"></a>
  229. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/20/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/20/avatar.svg"></a>
  230. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/21/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/21/avatar.svg"></a>
  231. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/22/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/22/avatar.svg"></a>
  232. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/23/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/23/avatar.svg"></a>
  233. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/24/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/24/avatar.svg"></a>
  234. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/25/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/25/avatar.svg"></a>
  235. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/26/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/26/avatar.svg"></a>
  236. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/27/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/27/avatar.svg"></a>
  237. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/28/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/28/avatar.svg"></a>
  238. <a href="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/29/website" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/socketio/sponsor/29/avatar.svg"></a>
  239. 

  240. 

  241. ## License

  242. 

  243. [MIT](LICENSE)